Laser Sources for Microscopy Systems
LIGHT CONVERSION product portfolio with recently released microscopy-dedicated femtosecond laser sources, CRONUS-2P and CRONUS-3P, covers applications in functional neuroimaging, optogenetics, and deep imaging using medium-repetition-rate three-photon excitation and fast high-repetition-rate two-photon imaging, as well as widefield and holographic excitation using high-power laser sources. See the CRONUS series comparison table below, while the complete list of laser sources for nonlinear microscopy and examples of the state-of-the-art applications are available in our latest brochure.
CRONUS Comparison Table
| Product | Outputs | Output power | Repetition rate | Pulse duration | Special features |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
680 – 960 nm, 960 – 1300 nm, and 1025 nm 1) |
> 900 mW @ 850 nm > 800 mW @ 1025 nm > 700 mW @ 1300 nm |
76.8 ± 1 MHz | < 160 fs | High output stability Automated GDD control |
 |
1250 – 1800 nm 2) | > 1200 mW @ 1300 nm 3) > 750 mW @ 1700 nm 3) |
Up to 2 MHz | < 85 fs |
- Three simultaneous and synchronized outputs.
- For dual output refer to ORPHEUS-TWINS in ORPHEUS-F configuration.
- At 1 MHz repetition rate. Lower repetition rate and higher pulse energy options available.
- High pulse energy, high repetition rate, and high average power
- 1250 – 1800 nm tuning range
- < 85 fs pulse duration
- Automated dispersion compensation
- Automated beam resizing and collimation
- Two tunable (680 – 960 nm, 960 – 1300 nm) and one fixed (1025 nm) simultaneous and synchronized outputs
- Automated dispersion compensation
- High repetition rate
- High output power
- Automated hands-free operation
- Tunable or fixed wavelength options
- Industrial-grade design
- Single-shot – 2 MHz repetition rate
- Up to 40 W pump power
- < 100 fs pulse duration option
- Combination of the best collinear and non-collinear OPA features
- 650 – 900 nm & 1200 – 2500 nm tuning range
- Single-shot – 2 MHz repetition rate
- < 100 fs pulse duration
- Adjustable spectral bandwidth
- Two OPA units in a single compact housing
- 210 – 16000 nm tuning range
- Single-shot – 2 MHz repetition rate
- Up to 60 W pump power
- Up to 0.5 mJ pump pulse energy
- < 40 fs pulse duration
- Up to 260 nJ pulse energy
- Up to 20 W output power
- 76 MHz repetition rate
- Industrial-grade design
- 190 fs – 20 ps tunable pulse duration
- 2 mJ maximum pulse energy
- 20 W maximum output power
- Single-shot – 1 MHz repetition rate
- Industrial-grade design
- 190 fs – 20 ps tunable pulse duration
- 800 μJ maximum pulse energy
- 80 W maximum output power
- Single-shot – 2 MHz repetition rate
- Industrial-grade design
Holographic 2P optogenetic stimulation of mouse olfactory bulb neurons using laser system with PHAROS femtosecond laser.
Courtesy of Shy Shoham and Dmitry Rinberg groups, New York University. Source: J. V. Gill et al., Precise holographic manipulation of olfactory circuits reveals coding features determining perceptual detection, Neuron 108 (2020).
Courtesy of Shy Shoham and Dmitry Rinberg groups, New York University. Source: J. V. Gill et al., Precise holographic manipulation of olfactory circuits reveals coding features determining perceptual detection, Neuron 108 (2020).
2P optogenetic stimulation of individual neurons using CRONUS-2P.
Courtesy of Albert Stroh group, University Medical Center Mainz and Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research. Source: T. Fu et al., Exploring two-photon optogenetics beyond 1100 nm for specific and effective all-optical physiology, iScience 24 (2021).
Courtesy of Albert Stroh group, University Medical Center Mainz and Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research. Source: T. Fu et al., Exploring two-photon optogenetics beyond 1100 nm for specific and effective all-optical physiology, iScience 24 (2021).
Functional three-photon neuroimaging of zebrafish using OEM OPA in ORPHEUS-F configuration.
Courtesy of Chris Xu and Joe Fetcho groups, Cornell University. Source: D. M. Chow et al., Deep three-photon imaging of the brain in intact adult zebrafish, Nature Methods 17 (2020).
Courtesy of Chris Xu and Joe Fetcho groups, Cornell University. Source: D. M. Chow et al., Deep three-photon imaging of the brain in intact adult zebrafish, Nature Methods 17 (2020).
SHG and THG images of H&E-stained colon using FLINT femtosecond oscillator.
Courtesy of Virgis Barzda group, Vilnius University.
Courtesy of Virgis Barzda group, Vilnius University.
Widefield SHG neuroimaging of neuronal membrane potentials and ion efflux by means of water using PHAROS femtosecond laser.
Courtesy of Sylvie Roke group, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Source: M. E. P. Didier et al., Membrane water for probing neuronal membrane potentials and ionic fluxes at the single cell level, Nature Communications 9 (2018).
Courtesy of Sylvie Roke group, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Source: M. E. P. Didier et al., Membrane water for probing neuronal membrane potentials and ionic fluxes at the single cell level, Nature Communications 9 (2018).
Label-free in vivo widefield SHG imaging of fruit fly larva using PHAROS femtosecond laser.
Courtesy of Virgis Barzda group, University of Toronto.
Courtesy of Virgis Barzda group, University of Toronto.